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spodoptera frugiperda sf9” cells  (ATCC)


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    ATCC spodoptera frugiperda sf9” cells
    Spodoptera Frugiperda Sf9” Cells, supplied by ATCC, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 99/100, based on 2203 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/product/spodoptera+frugiperda/Sf9/us12612611-1155-15-19
    Average 99 stars, based on 2203 article reviews
    spodoptera frugiperda sf9” cells - by Bioz Stars, 2026-09
    99/100 stars

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    Related Articles

    Purification:

    Article Title: Insight into the scaffolding function of USP18 from a high resolution cryo-EM structure of STAT2-USP18-ISG15 ternary complex
    Article Snippet: .. SPY-tagged STAT2-USP18-ISG15 complex were co-expressed in Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf9, ATCC CRL-1711) insect cells and purified by tandem affinity purification using Ni-beads (STAT2-USP18) then GST-beads (ISG15). ..

    Article Title: Impact of Influenza Immune Imprinting on Immune Responses to Subsequent Vaccinations in Mice
    Article Snippet: .. GCN4-stabilized trimeric HA3 (from A/Aichi, H3N2), HA1 (from A/Puerto Rico, H1N1), head-removed HA3 (hrHA3), and nucleoprotein (NP) (from A/Puerto Rico, H1N1) were expressed by the Bac-to-Bac Baculovirus Expression System (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, USA), and purified with HisPur Ni-NTA Resin (Thermo Scientific, Rockford, IL, USA) from Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf9, ATCC, CRL-1711) cell cultures 11 , 12 . .. Purified proteins were characterized by SDS-PAGE and Western blots (probed with anti-His antibody, Cat. No. ab18184, Abcam).

    Affinity Purification:

    Article Title: Insight into the scaffolding function of USP18 from a high resolution cryo-EM structure of STAT2-USP18-ISG15 ternary complex
    Article Snippet: .. SPY-tagged STAT2-USP18-ISG15 complex were co-expressed in Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf9, ATCC CRL-1711) insect cells and purified by tandem affinity purification using Ni-beads (STAT2-USP18) then GST-beads (ISG15). ..

    Cell Culture:

    Article Title: Influenza Neuraminidase Virus-Like Particle-Based Nanocarriers as a New Platform for the Delivery of Small-Peptide Antigens.
    Article Snippet: A new and simple platform to produce a nanocarrier for small-peptide antigen delivery was developed.. Virus-like particles (VLPs) were of interest due to their good cell-penetrating properties and ability to protect target molecules from degradation.. In this study, the VLP that was entirely formed by influenza neuraminidase (NA), NA-VLPs, was employed.

    Article Title: Structure of the melatonin–related orphan receptor, GPR50
    Article Snippet: These vectors were gifts from Dr Jie-Oh Lee (POSTECH). .. Each baculovirus carrying the constructs was separately amplified in Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf9; CRL-1711, ATCC) insect cells, which were cultured in ESF921 medium (Expression Systems) using the BestBac baculovirus system (Expression Systems). .. The recombinant baculoviruses were cotransfected into Trichoplusia ni HiFive (BTI-TN-5B1-4; Invitrogen) at a density 1.3 × 10 6 cells ml −1 , using a total volume equal to 8% of the medium of HiFive (with heavy chain: light chain volume ratio of 1:1) at 27°C and the medium was collected 72 hours after infection by centrifugation to separate it from the cell pellets.

    Article Title: Structure of the melatonin-related orphan receptor, GPR50.
    Article Snippet: These vectors were gifts from Dr. Jie-Oh Lee (POSTECH). .. Each baculovirus carrying the constructs was separately amplified in Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf9; CRL-1711, ATCC) insect cells, which were cultured in ESF921 medium (Expression Systems) using the BestBac baculovirus system (Expression Systems). .. The recombinant baculoviruses were co-transfected into Trichoplusia ni HiFive (BTI-TN-5B14; Invitrogen) at a density 1.3 × 106 cells ml-1, using a total volume equal to 8 % of the medium of HiFive (with heavy chain : light chain volume ratio of 1:1) at 27 °C and the medium was collected 72 h after infection by centrifugation to separate it from the cell pellets.

    Construct:

    Article Title: Structure of the melatonin–related orphan receptor, GPR50
    Article Snippet: These vectors were gifts from Dr Jie-Oh Lee (POSTECH). .. Each baculovirus carrying the constructs was separately amplified in Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf9; CRL-1711, ATCC) insect cells, which were cultured in ESF921 medium (Expression Systems) using the BestBac baculovirus system (Expression Systems). .. The recombinant baculoviruses were cotransfected into Trichoplusia ni HiFive (BTI-TN-5B1-4; Invitrogen) at a density 1.3 × 10 6 cells ml −1 , using a total volume equal to 8% of the medium of HiFive (with heavy chain: light chain volume ratio of 1:1) at 27°C and the medium was collected 72 hours after infection by centrifugation to separate it from the cell pellets.

    Article Title: Structure of the melatonin-related orphan receptor, GPR50.
    Article Snippet: These vectors were gifts from Dr. Jie-Oh Lee (POSTECH). .. Each baculovirus carrying the constructs was separately amplified in Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf9; CRL-1711, ATCC) insect cells, which were cultured in ESF921 medium (Expression Systems) using the BestBac baculovirus system (Expression Systems). .. The recombinant baculoviruses were co-transfected into Trichoplusia ni HiFive (BTI-TN-5B14; Invitrogen) at a density 1.3 × 106 cells ml-1, using a total volume equal to 8 % of the medium of HiFive (with heavy chain : light chain volume ratio of 1:1) at 27 °C and the medium was collected 72 h after infection by centrifugation to separate it from the cell pellets.

    Amplification:

    Article Title: Structure of the melatonin–related orphan receptor, GPR50
    Article Snippet: These vectors were gifts from Dr Jie-Oh Lee (POSTECH). .. Each baculovirus carrying the constructs was separately amplified in Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf9; CRL-1711, ATCC) insect cells, which were cultured in ESF921 medium (Expression Systems) using the BestBac baculovirus system (Expression Systems). .. The recombinant baculoviruses were cotransfected into Trichoplusia ni HiFive (BTI-TN-5B1-4; Invitrogen) at a density 1.3 × 10 6 cells ml −1 , using a total volume equal to 8% of the medium of HiFive (with heavy chain: light chain volume ratio of 1:1) at 27°C and the medium was collected 72 hours after infection by centrifugation to separate it from the cell pellets.

    Article Title: Structure of the melatonin-related orphan receptor, GPR50.
    Article Snippet: These vectors were gifts from Dr. Jie-Oh Lee (POSTECH). .. Each baculovirus carrying the constructs was separately amplified in Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf9; CRL-1711, ATCC) insect cells, which were cultured in ESF921 medium (Expression Systems) using the BestBac baculovirus system (Expression Systems). .. The recombinant baculoviruses were co-transfected into Trichoplusia ni HiFive (BTI-TN-5B14; Invitrogen) at a density 1.3 × 106 cells ml-1, using a total volume equal to 8 % of the medium of HiFive (with heavy chain : light chain volume ratio of 1:1) at 27 °C and the medium was collected 72 h after infection by centrifugation to separate it from the cell pellets.

    Virus:

    Article Title: Structure basis for the activation of KCNQ2 by endogenous and exogenous ligands.
    Article Snippet: REAGENT or RESOURCE SOURCE IDENTIFIER Bacterial and virus strains DH10Bac Escherichia coli strain Tolobio Cat# CC96136 Chemicals, peptides, and recombinant proteins n-Dodecyl-b-D-Maltopyranoside (DDM) Anatrace Cat# D310 cholesteryl hemisuccinate (CHS) Anatrace Cat# CH210 glycol-diosgenin (GDN) Anatrace Cat# GDN101 Tris-base Songen Biotech Cat# A610195-0005 Sodium butyrate Aladdin Cat# S102956 X-treme gene Roche Cat# 6366546001 QO-58 MCE Cat# HY-110162 PI(4,5)P2 DIC8 Echelon Biosciences Cat# P-4508 PI(4,5)P2 Sigma Cat# 850185P TEMED OriLeaf Cat# W10471 amphotericin B Sigma Cat# A4888 PrimeSTAR® HS (Premix) Takara Cat# R040A QuickCut Restriction Enzyme Takara Cat# 1623 DNA Ligation Kit Ver.2.1(solution 1) Takara Cat# 6022 DNA marker Tsingke Cat# TSJ105-500 Critical commercial assays Superose 6, 10/300 GL Cytiva Cat# GE29-0915-96 Deposited data Coordinates of KCNQ2-CaM QO-58 This paper PDB: 9L8W Cryo-EM map of KCNQ2-CaM QO-58 This paper EMDB: EMD-62892 Coordinates of KCNQ2-CaM QO-58-PIP2 This paper PDB: 9L97 Cryo-EM map of KCNQ2-CaM QO-58-PIP2 This paper EMDB: EMD-62896 Coordinates of KCNQ2-CaM QO-83 This paper PDB: 8XO1 Cryo-EM map of KCNQ2-CaM QO-83 This paper EMDB: EMD-38522 Coordinates of KCNQ2-CaM QO-83-PIP2 This paper PDB: 9L9N Cryo-EM map of KCNQ2-CaM QO-83-PIP2 This paper EMDB: EMD-62910 Experimental models: Cell lines Human Embryonic Kidney HEK293S-GnTi cell line ATCC CRL-3022 Human Embryonic Kidney HEK293T cell line ATCC CRL-11268 Spodoptera frugiperda Sf9 cells ATCC CRL-1711 Hamster: CHO cells ATCC CRL-11268 CHO cells stably expressing KCNQ2 channels Laboratory of Professor Qingzhong Jia from Hebei Medical University N/A CHO cells stably expressing KCNQ2 channels Laboratory of Professor Qingzhong Jia from Hebei Medical University N/A HEK293 cells stably expressing KCNQ1/ KCNE1 channels Laboratory of Professor Qingzhong Jia from Hebei Medical University N/A Recombinant DNA Plasmid: pcDNA3.1-KCNQ2-T2A-EGFP This paper N/A (Continued on next page) 14 Cell Reports 45, 116771, January 27, 2026 .. Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf9, ATCC) cells for virus production were maintained in SIM SF expression medium (Sino Biological Inc.) at 27 ◦ C with gentle shaking at 120 rpm. .. HEK293S (ATCC) cells for protein expression were maintained in SMM 293-TI complete medium (Sino Biological Inc.) at 37 ◦ C with gentle shaking at 130 rpm.

    Expressing:

    Article Title: Structure basis for the activation of KCNQ2 by endogenous and exogenous ligands.
    Article Snippet: REAGENT or RESOURCE SOURCE IDENTIFIER Bacterial and virus strains DH10Bac Escherichia coli strain Tolobio Cat# CC96136 Chemicals, peptides, and recombinant proteins n-Dodecyl-b-D-Maltopyranoside (DDM) Anatrace Cat# D310 cholesteryl hemisuccinate (CHS) Anatrace Cat# CH210 glycol-diosgenin (GDN) Anatrace Cat# GDN101 Tris-base Songen Biotech Cat# A610195-0005 Sodium butyrate Aladdin Cat# S102956 X-treme gene Roche Cat# 6366546001 QO-58 MCE Cat# HY-110162 PI(4,5)P2 DIC8 Echelon Biosciences Cat# P-4508 PI(4,5)P2 Sigma Cat# 850185P TEMED OriLeaf Cat# W10471 amphotericin B Sigma Cat# A4888 PrimeSTAR® HS (Premix) Takara Cat# R040A QuickCut Restriction Enzyme Takara Cat# 1623 DNA Ligation Kit Ver.2.1(solution 1) Takara Cat# 6022 DNA marker Tsingke Cat# TSJ105-500 Critical commercial assays Superose 6, 10/300 GL Cytiva Cat# GE29-0915-96 Deposited data Coordinates of KCNQ2-CaM QO-58 This paper PDB: 9L8W Cryo-EM map of KCNQ2-CaM QO-58 This paper EMDB: EMD-62892 Coordinates of KCNQ2-CaM QO-58-PIP2 This paper PDB: 9L97 Cryo-EM map of KCNQ2-CaM QO-58-PIP2 This paper EMDB: EMD-62896 Coordinates of KCNQ2-CaM QO-83 This paper PDB: 8XO1 Cryo-EM map of KCNQ2-CaM QO-83 This paper EMDB: EMD-38522 Coordinates of KCNQ2-CaM QO-83-PIP2 This paper PDB: 9L9N Cryo-EM map of KCNQ2-CaM QO-83-PIP2 This paper EMDB: EMD-62910 Experimental models: Cell lines Human Embryonic Kidney HEK293S-GnTi cell line ATCC CRL-3022 Human Embryonic Kidney HEK293T cell line ATCC CRL-11268 Spodoptera frugiperda Sf9 cells ATCC CRL-1711 Hamster: CHO cells ATCC CRL-11268 CHO cells stably expressing KCNQ2 channels Laboratory of Professor Qingzhong Jia from Hebei Medical University N/A CHO cells stably expressing KCNQ2 channels Laboratory of Professor Qingzhong Jia from Hebei Medical University N/A HEK293 cells stably expressing KCNQ1/ KCNE1 channels Laboratory of Professor Qingzhong Jia from Hebei Medical University N/A Recombinant DNA Plasmid: pcDNA3.1-KCNQ2-T2A-EGFP This paper N/A (Continued on next page) 14 Cell Reports 45, 116771, January 27, 2026 .. Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf9, ATCC) cells for virus production were maintained in SIM SF expression medium (Sino Biological Inc.) at 27 ◦ C with gentle shaking at 120 rpm. .. HEK293S (ATCC) cells for protein expression were maintained in SMM 293-TI complete medium (Sino Biological Inc.) at 37 ◦ C with gentle shaking at 130 rpm.

    Gentle:

    Article Title: Structure basis for the activation of KCNQ2 by endogenous and exogenous ligands.
    Article Snippet: REAGENT or RESOURCE SOURCE IDENTIFIER Bacterial and virus strains DH10Bac Escherichia coli strain Tolobio Cat# CC96136 Chemicals, peptides, and recombinant proteins n-Dodecyl-b-D-Maltopyranoside (DDM) Anatrace Cat# D310 cholesteryl hemisuccinate (CHS) Anatrace Cat# CH210 glycol-diosgenin (GDN) Anatrace Cat# GDN101 Tris-base Songen Biotech Cat# A610195-0005 Sodium butyrate Aladdin Cat# S102956 X-treme gene Roche Cat# 6366546001 QO-58 MCE Cat# HY-110162 PI(4,5)P2 DIC8 Echelon Biosciences Cat# P-4508 PI(4,5)P2 Sigma Cat# 850185P TEMED OriLeaf Cat# W10471 amphotericin B Sigma Cat# A4888 PrimeSTAR® HS (Premix) Takara Cat# R040A QuickCut Restriction Enzyme Takara Cat# 1623 DNA Ligation Kit Ver.2.1(solution 1) Takara Cat# 6022 DNA marker Tsingke Cat# TSJ105-500 Critical commercial assays Superose 6, 10/300 GL Cytiva Cat# GE29-0915-96 Deposited data Coordinates of KCNQ2-CaM QO-58 This paper PDB: 9L8W Cryo-EM map of KCNQ2-CaM QO-58 This paper EMDB: EMD-62892 Coordinates of KCNQ2-CaM QO-58-PIP2 This paper PDB: 9L97 Cryo-EM map of KCNQ2-CaM QO-58-PIP2 This paper EMDB: EMD-62896 Coordinates of KCNQ2-CaM QO-83 This paper PDB: 8XO1 Cryo-EM map of KCNQ2-CaM QO-83 This paper EMDB: EMD-38522 Coordinates of KCNQ2-CaM QO-83-PIP2 This paper PDB: 9L9N Cryo-EM map of KCNQ2-CaM QO-83-PIP2 This paper EMDB: EMD-62910 Experimental models: Cell lines Human Embryonic Kidney HEK293S-GnTi cell line ATCC CRL-3022 Human Embryonic Kidney HEK293T cell line ATCC CRL-11268 Spodoptera frugiperda Sf9 cells ATCC CRL-1711 Hamster: CHO cells ATCC CRL-11268 CHO cells stably expressing KCNQ2 channels Laboratory of Professor Qingzhong Jia from Hebei Medical University N/A CHO cells stably expressing KCNQ2 channels Laboratory of Professor Qingzhong Jia from Hebei Medical University N/A HEK293 cells stably expressing KCNQ1/ KCNE1 channels Laboratory of Professor Qingzhong Jia from Hebei Medical University N/A Recombinant DNA Plasmid: pcDNA3.1-KCNQ2-T2A-EGFP This paper N/A (Continued on next page) 14 Cell Reports 45, 116771, January 27, 2026 .. Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf9, ATCC) cells for virus production were maintained in SIM SF expression medium (Sino Biological Inc.) at 27 ◦ C with gentle shaking at 120 rpm. .. HEK293S (ATCC) cells for protein expression were maintained in SMM 293-TI complete medium (Sino Biological Inc.) at 37 ◦ C with gentle shaking at 130 rpm.

    Suspension:

    Article Title: Direct interaction between RSV polymerase L and active Rab11a mediates viral ribonucleoprotein transport to assembly sites
    Article Snippet: .. Spodoptera frugiperda (SF9; ATCC, CRL-1711 Gibco cat# 11496015) were propagated in suspension using Sf-900 II serum-free medium (Gibco cat# 10902096) at 28°C without CO 2 . ..



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    99
    ATCC spodoptera frugiperda
    a , Three single gRNAs targeting Anopheles fwe (ag fwe ) and one gRNA targeting scramble sequence were transfected into Sua5B/Cas9 cells to generate stable knockout cell lines. Cell viability was measured using MTT assays after 4-day SAIP1.1 treatment. The toxin concentration resulting in 50% cell death was defined as IC 50 (plotted on the left). b , c , The indicated fwe orthologues were stably expressed in HeLa cells. Cells were exposed to SAIP1.1 with a series of concentrations for 4 days. Representative images from the 2 nM group are shown in b . Sensitivities were quantified and plotted in c . d , Drosophila fwe and the indicated fwe orthologues, all fused with N-terminal mCherry and C-terminal VHH05 tags, were expressed in fwe KO S2R+ cells via transient transfection and then exposed to SAIP1.1 (250 pM) for 48 h. Representative images are from one of three independent experiments (left). Percentages of cells remaining intact were recorded and plotted (right). e , HeLa cells stably expressing a chimera Spodoptera frugiperda <t>fwe1</t> with Drosophila fweA C-terminal (sf fwe1 +fweA ) or blank vector were treated with a titration of SAIP1.1 for 4 days, and sensitivity to SAIP1.1 was quantified via MTT assay. Representative pictures (2 nM SAIP1.1) are from 1 of 3 independent experiments. Data are shown as mean ± s.d., n = 3 independent biological replicates. Scale bar, 25 μm.
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    a , Three single gRNAs targeting Anopheles fwe (ag fwe ) and one gRNA targeting scramble sequence were transfected into Sua5B/Cas9 cells to generate stable knockout cell lines. Cell viability was measured using MTT assays after 4-day SAIP1.1 treatment. The toxin concentration resulting in 50% cell death was defined as IC 50 (plotted on the left). b , c , The indicated fwe orthologues were stably expressed in HeLa cells. Cells were exposed to SAIP1.1 with a series of concentrations for 4 days. Representative images from the 2 nM group are shown in b . Sensitivities were quantified and plotted in c . d , Drosophila fwe and the indicated fwe orthologues, all fused with N-terminal mCherry and C-terminal VHH05 tags, were expressed in fwe KO S2R+ cells via transient transfection and then exposed to SAIP1.1 (250 pM) for 48 h. Representative images are from one of three independent experiments (left). Percentages of cells remaining intact were recorded and plotted (right). e , HeLa cells stably expressing a chimera Spodoptera frugiperda fwe1 with Drosophila fweA C-terminal (sf fwe1 +fweA ) or blank vector were treated with a titration of SAIP1.1 for 4 days, and sensitivity to SAIP1.1 was quantified via MTT assay. Representative pictures (2 nM SAIP1.1) are from 1 of 3 independent experiments. Data are shown as mean ± s.d., n = 3 independent biological replicates. Scale bar, 25 μm.

    Journal: Nature Microbiology

    Article Title: Streptomyces produce a diphtheria toxin-like exotoxin that targets insects

    doi: 10.1038/s41564-026-02315-5

    Figure Lengend Snippet: a , Three single gRNAs targeting Anopheles fwe (ag fwe ) and one gRNA targeting scramble sequence were transfected into Sua5B/Cas9 cells to generate stable knockout cell lines. Cell viability was measured using MTT assays after 4-day SAIP1.1 treatment. The toxin concentration resulting in 50% cell death was defined as IC 50 (plotted on the left). b , c , The indicated fwe orthologues were stably expressed in HeLa cells. Cells were exposed to SAIP1.1 with a series of concentrations for 4 days. Representative images from the 2 nM group are shown in b . Sensitivities were quantified and plotted in c . d , Drosophila fwe and the indicated fwe orthologues, all fused with N-terminal mCherry and C-terminal VHH05 tags, were expressed in fwe KO S2R+ cells via transient transfection and then exposed to SAIP1.1 (250 pM) for 48 h. Representative images are from one of three independent experiments (left). Percentages of cells remaining intact were recorded and plotted (right). e , HeLa cells stably expressing a chimera Spodoptera frugiperda fwe1 with Drosophila fweA C-terminal (sf fwe1 +fweA ) or blank vector were treated with a titration of SAIP1.1 for 4 days, and sensitivity to SAIP1.1 was quantified via MTT assay. Representative pictures (2 nM SAIP1.1) are from 1 of 3 independent experiments. Data are shown as mean ± s.d., n = 3 independent biological replicates. Scale bar, 25 μm.

    Article Snippet: Drosophila fweA ( NP_648804.1 ), Drosophila fweB ( NP_730072.1 ), human fwe1 ( NP_060056.1 ), human fwe2 ( NP_001129247.1 ), human fwe3 ( NP_001229298.1 ), human fwe4 ( NP_001229299.1 ) (human gene symbol CACFD1 ), mouse fwe1 (NP_084138.1), mouse fwe2 ( NP_001230168.1 ), mouse fwe3 ( NP_001230169.1 ) (mouse gene symbol Cacfd1 ), A. aegypti fwe (aa fwe , XP_001657464.1), Anopheles gambiae fwe (ag fwe , XP_309964.4), Spodoptera frugiperda fwe1 (sf fwe1 , KAG8114371.1), Spodoptera frugiperda fwe2 (sf fwe2 , XP_035446521.1), red flour beetle fwe (tc fwe , XP_008193020.1), O. abietinus fwe (oa fwe , XP_012275392.1), C. elegans (ce fw e, NP_510484.1), Manduca sexta fwe (ms fwe , XP_030027411.1), Atta colombica fwe (ac fwe , XP_018044113.1) and Zootermopsis nevadensis fwe (zn fwe , XP_021914169.1) were synthesized by Twist Bio.

    Techniques: Sequencing, Transfection, Knock-Out, Concentration Assay, Stable Transfection, Expressing, Plasmid Preparation, Titration, MTT Assay

    (a) Sequence alignment between FweA and sfFwe1. (b) Chimaera sfFwe1+FweA-1/2/3/4 (The corresponding region of Spodoptera frugiperda Fwe1 was replaced with different regions between amino acids 119 and 154 of Drosophila FweA) or blank vector were stably expressed in HeLa cells respectively, and then treated with a titration of SAIP1.1 for 4 days. Each replaced regions were marked out by purple boxes in the right schematic of chimaera Fwes. sFwe1+FweA-1 is the only one that can sensitize HeLa cells to SAIP1.1 treatment. Their sensitivities to SAIP1.1 were quantified via MTT assays. Representative pictures (1 nM SAIP1.1) were from one of three independent experiments. (c) Schematic of the different chimaera proteins of sfFwe1+FweA. All proteins were fused with mCherry tag on their N-terminus. (d) Chimaera sfFwe1+FweA proteins and Drosophila Fwe (FweA) were transiently expressed in fwe KO S2 cells respectively, and then treated with 2 pM SAIP1.1 for 48 h. Cells susceptible to SAIP died and become debris, whereas cells resistant to SAIP remain intact and can be visualized by their expression of mCherry. The presence of mCherry-positive cell debris following SAIP treatment indicates that the transfected Fwe-mCherry protein has restored sensitivity to SAIP. Representative pictures were from one of three independent experiments. Data are shown as mean ± s.d., n = 3, scale bar = 25μm.

    Journal: Nature Microbiology

    Article Title: Streptomyces produce a diphtheria toxin-like exotoxin that targets insects

    doi: 10.1038/s41564-026-02315-5

    Figure Lengend Snippet: (a) Sequence alignment between FweA and sfFwe1. (b) Chimaera sfFwe1+FweA-1/2/3/4 (The corresponding region of Spodoptera frugiperda Fwe1 was replaced with different regions between amino acids 119 and 154 of Drosophila FweA) or blank vector were stably expressed in HeLa cells respectively, and then treated with a titration of SAIP1.1 for 4 days. Each replaced regions were marked out by purple boxes in the right schematic of chimaera Fwes. sFwe1+FweA-1 is the only one that can sensitize HeLa cells to SAIP1.1 treatment. Their sensitivities to SAIP1.1 were quantified via MTT assays. Representative pictures (1 nM SAIP1.1) were from one of three independent experiments. (c) Schematic of the different chimaera proteins of sfFwe1+FweA. All proteins were fused with mCherry tag on their N-terminus. (d) Chimaera sfFwe1+FweA proteins and Drosophila Fwe (FweA) were transiently expressed in fwe KO S2 cells respectively, and then treated with 2 pM SAIP1.1 for 48 h. Cells susceptible to SAIP died and become debris, whereas cells resistant to SAIP remain intact and can be visualized by their expression of mCherry. The presence of mCherry-positive cell debris following SAIP treatment indicates that the transfected Fwe-mCherry protein has restored sensitivity to SAIP. Representative pictures were from one of three independent experiments. Data are shown as mean ± s.d., n = 3, scale bar = 25μm.

    Article Snippet: Drosophila fweA ( NP_648804.1 ), Drosophila fweB ( NP_730072.1 ), human fwe1 ( NP_060056.1 ), human fwe2 ( NP_001129247.1 ), human fwe3 ( NP_001229298.1 ), human fwe4 ( NP_001229299.1 ) (human gene symbol CACFD1 ), mouse fwe1 (NP_084138.1), mouse fwe2 ( NP_001230168.1 ), mouse fwe3 ( NP_001230169.1 ) (mouse gene symbol Cacfd1 ), A. aegypti fwe (aa fwe , XP_001657464.1), Anopheles gambiae fwe (ag fwe , XP_309964.4), Spodoptera frugiperda fwe1 (sf fwe1 , KAG8114371.1), Spodoptera frugiperda fwe2 (sf fwe2 , XP_035446521.1), red flour beetle fwe (tc fwe , XP_008193020.1), O. abietinus fwe (oa fwe , XP_012275392.1), C. elegans (ce fw e, NP_510484.1), Manduca sexta fwe (ms fwe , XP_030027411.1), Atta colombica fwe (ac fwe , XP_018044113.1) and Zootermopsis nevadensis fwe (zn fwe , XP_021914169.1) were synthesized by Twist Bio.

    Techniques: Sequencing, Plasmid Preparation, Stable Transfection, Titration, Expressing, Transfection